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1905 ELIEZER LIPA JOFFE (1882-1944) (Russia-USA)
Founded Ha-Ikkar HaTzair ("Young Farmer") as well as the American branch of
HeHalutz.
They provided agricultural training with their goals to encourage its members to move to Eretz Israel. Joffe was also one of the originators of the idea of Moshav Ovdim "workers' cooperative settlement" This was different than a kibbutz in that families had their own farms and lived in their own houses although there were cooperative purchasing and marketing. The first such settlement was
Nahalal (1921). Joffe also
was founder of Tnuva, the agricultural marketing cooperative (1928).
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